#define MS_CLASS "RTC::RtpPacket"
// #define MS_LOG_DEV_LEVEL 3
// #define DUMP_PAYLOAD_DESCRIPTOR 1

#include "RTC/RtpPacket.hpp"
#ifdef MS_RTC_LOGGER_RTP
#include "DepLibUV.hpp"
#endif
#include "Logger.hpp"
#include "RTC/Consts.hpp"
#include <cstring>  // std::memcpy(), std::memmove(), std::memset()
#include <iterator> // std::ostream_iterator
#include <sstream>  // std::ostringstream

namespace RTC
{
	/* Class variables. */

	thread_local uint32_t RtpPacket::nextMediasoupPacketId{ 0u };

	/* Class methods. */

	uint32_t RtpPacket::GetNextMediasoupPacketId()
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		// Make RtpPacket::nextMediasoupPacketId first value be random and then
		// increase it by one, and don't let it be 0.
		if (RtpPacket::nextMediasoupPacketId == 0)
		{
			RtpPacket::nextMediasoupPacketId =
			  Utils::Crypto::GetRandomUInt(1u, std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max() / 2);
		}
		else
		{
			RtpPacket::nextMediasoupPacketId++;

			if (RtpPacket::nextMediasoupPacketId == 0)
			{
				RtpPacket::nextMediasoupPacketId = 1;
			}
		}

		return RtpPacket::nextMediasoupPacketId;
	}

	/* Class methods. */

	RtpPacket* RtpPacket::Parse(const uint8_t* data, size_t len)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		if (!RtpPacket::IsRtp(data, len))
		{
			return nullptr;
		}

		auto* ptr = const_cast<uint8_t*>(data);

		// Get the header.
		auto* header = reinterpret_cast<Header*>(ptr);

		// Inspect data after the minimum header size.
		ptr += HeaderSize;

		// Check CSRC list.
		size_t csrcListSize{ 0u };

		if (header->csrcCount != 0u)
		{
			csrcListSize = header->csrcCount * sizeof(header->ssrc);

			// Packet size must be >= header size + CSRC list.
			if (len < (ptr - data) + csrcListSize)
			{
				MS_WARN_TAG(rtp, "not enough space for the announced CSRC list, packet discarded");

				return nullptr;
			}
			ptr += csrcListSize;
		}

		// Check header extension.
		HeaderExtension* headerExtension{ nullptr };
		size_t extensionValueSize{ 0u };

		if (header->extension == 1u)
		{
			// The header extension is at least 4 bytes.
			if (len < static_cast<size_t>(ptr - data) + 4)
			{
				MS_WARN_TAG(rtp, "not enough space for the announced header extension, packet discarded");

				return nullptr;
			}

			headerExtension = reinterpret_cast<HeaderExtension*>(ptr);

			// The header extension contains a 16-bit length field that counts the number of
			// 32-bit words in the extension, excluding the four-octet header extension.
			extensionValueSize = static_cast<size_t>(ntohs(headerExtension->length) * 4);

			// Packet size must be >= header size + CSRC list + header extension size.
			if (len < (ptr - data) + 4 + extensionValueSize)
			{
				MS_WARN_TAG(
				  rtp, "not enough space for the announced header extension value, packet discarded");

				return nullptr;
			}
			ptr += 4 + extensionValueSize;
		}

		// Get payload.
		uint8_t* payload     = ptr;
		size_t payloadLength = len - (ptr - data);
		uint8_t payloadPadding{ 0 };

		MS_ASSERT(len >= static_cast<size_t>(ptr - data), "payload has negative size");

		// Check padding field.
		if (header->padding != 0u)
		{
			// Must be at least a single payload byte.
			if (payloadLength == 0)
			{
				MS_WARN_TAG(rtp, "padding bit is set but no space for a padding byte, packet discarded");

				return nullptr;
			}

			payloadPadding = data[len - 1];

			if (payloadPadding == 0)
			{
				MS_WARN_TAG(rtp, "padding byte cannot be 0, packet discarded");

				return nullptr;
			}

			if (payloadLength < size_t{ payloadPadding })
			{
				MS_WARN_TAG(
				  rtp,
				  "number of padding octets is greater than available space for payload, packet "
				  "discarded");

				return nullptr;
			}

			payloadLength -= size_t{ payloadPadding };
		}

		MS_ASSERT(
		  len == HeaderSize + csrcListSize + (headerExtension ? 4 + extensionValueSize : 0) +
		           payloadLength + size_t{ payloadPadding },
		  "packet's computed size does not match received size");

		return new RtpPacket(header, headerExtension, payload, payloadLength, payloadPadding, len);
	}

	/* Instance methods. */

	RtpPacket::RtpPacket(
	  Header* header,
	  HeaderExtension* headerExtension,
	  const uint8_t* payload,
	  size_t payloadLength,
	  uint8_t payloadPadding,
	  size_t size)
	  : header(header), headerExtension(headerExtension), payload(const_cast<uint8_t*>(payload)),
	    payloadLength(payloadLength), payloadPadding(payloadPadding), size(size)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		if (this->header->csrcCount != 0u)
		{
			this->csrcList = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(header) + HeaderSize;
		}

		// Parse RFC 5285 header extension.
		ParseExtensions();

// Avoid retrieving the time if RTC logger is disabled.
#ifdef MS_RTC_LOGGER_RTP
		// Initialize logger.
		this->logger.timestamp        = DepLibUV::GetTimeMs();
		this->logger.recvRtpTimestamp = this->GetTimestamp();
		this->logger.recvSeqNumber    = this->GetSequenceNumber();
#endif
	}

	RtpPacket::~RtpPacket()
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		delete[] this->buffer;
	}

	void RtpPacket::Dump(int indentation) const
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "<RtpPacket>");

		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  packet size: %zu bytes", GetSize());
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  sequence number: %" PRIu16, GetSequenceNumber());
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  timestamp: %" PRIu32, GetTimestamp());
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  marker: %s", HasMarker() ? "true" : "false");
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  payload type: %" PRIu8, GetPayloadType());
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  ssrc: %" PRIu32, GetSsrc());
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  csrc count: %" PRIu8, this->header->csrcCount);
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  padding: %s", this->header->padding ? "true" : "false");

		if (HasHeaderExtension())
		{
			MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
			  indentation,
			  "  header extension: id:%" PRIu16 ", length:%zu",
			  GetHeaderExtensionId(),
			  GetHeaderExtensionLength());
		}

		if (HasOneByteExtensions())
		{
			MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  RFC5285 ext style: One-Byte Header");
		}

		if (HasTwoBytesExtensions())
		{
			MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  RFC5285 ext style: Two-Bytes Header");
		}

		if (HasOneByteExtensions() || HasTwoBytesExtensions())
		{
			std::vector<std::string> extIds;
			std::ostringstream extIdsStream;

			if (HasOneByteExtensions())
			{
				for (const auto& extension : this->oneByteExtensions)
				{
					if (extension != nullptr)
					{
						extIds.push_back(std::to_string(extension->id));
					}
				}
			}
			else
			{
				extIds.reserve(this->mapTwoBytesExtensions.size());

				for (const auto& kv : this->mapTwoBytesExtensions)
				{
					extIds.push_back(std::to_string(kv.first));
				}
			}

			if (!extIds.empty())
			{
				std::copy(
				  extIds.begin(), extIds.end() - 1, std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(extIdsStream, ","));
				extIdsStream << extIds.back();

				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  RFC5285 ext ids: %s", extIdsStream.str().c_str());
			}
		}

		if (this->midExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			std::string mid;

			if (ReadMid(mid))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation, "  mid: extId:%" PRIu8 ", value:'%s'", this->midExtensionId, mid.c_str());
			}
		}

		if (this->ridExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			std::string rid;

			if (ReadRid(rid))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation, "  rid: extId:%" PRIu8 ", value:'%s'", this->ridExtensionId, rid.c_str());
			}
		}

		if (this->rridExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			std::string rid;

			if (ReadRid(rid))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation, "  rrid: extId:%" PRIu8 ", value:'%s'", this->rridExtensionId, rid.c_str());
			}
		}

		if (this->absSendTimeExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  absSendTime: extId:%" PRIu8, this->absSendTimeExtensionId);
		}

		if (this->transportWideCc01ExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			uint16_t wideSeqNumber{ 0 };

			if (ReadTransportWideCc01(wideSeqNumber))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation,
				  "  transportWideCc01: extId:%" PRIu8 ", value:%" PRIu16,
				  this->transportWideCc01ExtensionId,
				  wideSeqNumber);
			}
		}

		if (this->ssrcAudioLevelExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			uint8_t volume{ 0 };
			bool voice{ false };

			if (ReadSsrcAudioLevel(volume, voice))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation,
				  "  ssrcAudioLevel: extId:%" PRIu8 ", volume:%" PRIu8 ", voice:%s",
				  this->ssrcAudioLevelExtensionId,
				  volume,
				  voice ? "true" : "false");
			}
		}

		if (this->dependencyDescriptorExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			uint8_t extenLen;
			uint8_t* extenValue = GetExtension(this->dependencyDescriptorExtensionId, extenLen);

			if (extenValue)
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation,
				  "  dependencyDescriptor: extId:%" PRIu8 ", length:%" PRIu8,
				  this->dependencyDescriptorExtensionId,
				  extenLen);
			}
		}

		if (this->videoOrientationExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			bool camera{ false };
			bool flip{ false };
			uint16_t rotation{ 0 };

			if (ReadVideoOrientation(camera, flip, rotation))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation,
				  "  videoOrientation: extId:%" PRIu8 ", camera:%s, flip:%s, rotation:%" PRIu16,
				  this->videoOrientationExtensionId,
				  camera ? "true" : "false",
				  flip ? "true" : "false",
				  rotation);
			}
		}

		if (this->absCaptureTimeExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			uint64_t absCaptureTimestamp{ 0u };
			int64_t estimatedCaptureClockOffset{ 0 };

			if (ReadAbsCaptureTime(absCaptureTimestamp, estimatedCaptureClockOffset))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation,
				  "  absCaptureTime: extId:%" PRIu8 ", absCaptureTimestamp:%" PRIu64
				  ", estimatedCaptureClockOffset:%" PRId64,
				  this->absCaptureTimeExtensionId,
				  absCaptureTimestamp,
				  estimatedCaptureClockOffset);
			}
		}

		if (this->playoutDelayExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			uint16_t minDelay{ 0 };
			uint16_t maxDelay{ 0 };

			if (ReadPlayoutDelay(minDelay, maxDelay))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation,
				  "  playoutDelay: extId:%" PRIu8 ", minDelay:%" PRIu16 ", maxDelay:%" PRIu16,
				  this->playoutDelayExtensionId,
				  minDelay,
				  maxDelay);
			}
		}

		if (this->mediasoupPacketIdExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			uint32_t mediasoupPacketId{ 0 };

			if (ReadMediasoupPacketId(mediasoupPacketId))
			{
				MS_DUMP_CLEAN(
				  indentation,
				  "  mediasoupPacketId: extId:%" PRIu8 ", mediasoupPacketId:%" PRIu32,
				  this->mediasoupPacketIdExtensionId,
				  mediasoupPacketId);
			}
		}

		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  payload size: %zu bytes", GetPayloadLength());
		if (this->header->padding != 0u)
		{
			MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  padding size: %" PRIu8 " bytes", this->payloadPadding);
		}

		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  spatial layer: %" PRIu8, GetSpatialLayer());
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "  temporal layer: %" PRIu8, GetTemporalLayer());
#ifdef DUMP_PAYLOAD_DESCRIPTOR
		if (this->payloadDescriptorHandler)
		{
			this->payloadDescriptorHandler->Dump(indentation + 1);
		}
#endif
		MS_DUMP_CLEAN(indentation, "</RtpPacket>");
	}

	flatbuffers::Offset<FBS::RtpPacket::Dump> RtpPacket::FillBuffer(
	  flatbuffers::FlatBufferBuilder& builder) const
	{
		// Add mid.
		std::string mid;

		if (this->midExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			ReadMid(mid);
		}

		// Add rid.
		std::string rid;

		if (this->ridExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			ReadRid(rid);
		}

		// Add rrid.
		std::string rrid;

		if (this->rridExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			ReadRid(rrid);
		}

		// Add wideSequenceNumber.
		uint16_t wideSequenceNumber{ 0 };
		bool wideSequenceNumberSet = false;

		if (this->transportWideCc01ExtensionId != 0u)
		{
			wideSequenceNumberSet = true;
			ReadTransportWideCc01(wideSequenceNumber);
		}

		return FBS::RtpPacket::CreateDumpDirect(
		  builder,
		  this->GetPayloadType(),
		  this->GetSequenceNumber(),
		  this->GetTimestamp(),
		  this->HasMarker(),
		  this->GetSsrc(),
		  this->IsKeyFrame(),
		  this->GetSize(),
		  this->GetPayloadLength(),
		  this->GetSpatialLayer(),
		  this->GetTemporalLayer(),
		  mid.empty() ? nullptr : mid.c_str(),
		  rid.empty() ? nullptr : rid.c_str(),
		  rrid.empty() ? nullptr : rrid.c_str(),
		  wideSequenceNumberSet ? flatbuffers::Optional<uint16_t>(wideSequenceNumber)
		                        : flatbuffers::nullopt);
	}

	void RtpPacket::SetExtensions(uint8_t type, const std::vector<GenericExtension>& extensions)
	{
		MS_ASSERT(type == 1u || type == 2u, "type must be 1 or 2");

		// Reset extension ids.
		this->midExtensionId                  = 0u;
		this->ridExtensionId                  = 0u;
		this->rridExtensionId                 = 0u;
		this->absSendTimeExtensionId          = 0u;
		this->transportWideCc01ExtensionId    = 0u;
		this->ssrcAudioLevelExtensionId       = 0u;
		this->dependencyDescriptorExtensionId = 0u;
		this->videoOrientationExtensionId     = 0u;
		this->absCaptureTimeExtensionId       = 0u;
		this->playoutDelayExtensionId         = 0u;
		this->mediasoupPacketIdExtensionId    = 0u;

		// Clear the One-Byte and Two-Bytes extension elements maps.
		std::fill(std::begin(this->oneByteExtensions), std::end(this->oneByteExtensions), nullptr);
		this->mapTwoBytesExtensions.clear();

		// If One-Byte is requested and the packet already has One-Byte extensions,
		// keep the header extension id.
		if (type == 1u && HasOneByteExtensions())
		{
			// Nothing to do.
		}
		// If Two-Bytes is requested and the packet already has Two-Bytes extensions,
		// keep the header extension id.
		else if (type == 2u && HasTwoBytesExtensions())
		{
			// Nothing to do.
		}
		// Otherwise, if there is header extension of non matching type, modify its id.
		else if (this->headerExtension)
		{
			if (type == 1u)
			{
				this->headerExtension->id = uint16_t{ htons(0xBEDE) };
			}
			else if (type == 2u)
			{
				this->headerExtension->id = uint16_t{ htons(0b0001000000000000) };
			}
		}

		// Calculate total size required for all extensions (with padding if needed).
		size_t extensionsTotalSize{ 0 };

		for (const auto& extension : extensions)
		{
			if (type == 1u)
			{
				if (extension.id == 0 || extension.id > 14 || extension.len == 0 || extension.len > 16)
				{
					continue;
				}

				extensionsTotalSize += (1 + extension.len);
			}
			else if (type == 2u)
			{
				if (extension.id == 0)
				{
					continue;
				}

				extensionsTotalSize += (2 + extension.len);
			}
		}

		auto paddedExtensionsTotalSize = Utils::Byte::PadTo4Bytes(extensionsTotalSize);
		const size_t padding           = paddedExtensionsTotalSize - extensionsTotalSize;

		extensionsTotalSize = paddedExtensionsTotalSize;

		// Calculate the number of bytes to shift (may be negative if the packet did
		// already have header extension).
		int16_t shift{ 0 };

		if (this->headerExtension)
		{
			shift = static_cast<int16_t>(extensionsTotalSize - GetHeaderExtensionLength());
		}
		else
		{
			shift = 4 + static_cast<int16_t>(extensionsTotalSize);
		}

		if (this->headerExtension && shift != 0)
		{
			// Shift the payload.
			std::memmove(this->payload + shift, this->payload, this->payloadLength + this->payloadPadding);
			this->payload += shift;

			// Update packet total size.
			this->size += shift;

			// Update the header extension length.
			this->headerExtension->length = htons(extensionsTotalSize / 4);
		}
		else if (!this->headerExtension)
		{
			// Set the header extension bit.
			this->header->extension = 1u;

			// Set the header extension pointing to the current payload.
			this->headerExtension = reinterpret_cast<HeaderExtension*>(this->payload);

			// Shift the payload.
			std::memmove(this->payload + shift, this->payload, this->payloadLength + this->payloadPadding);
			this->payload += shift;

			// Update packet total size.
			this->size += shift;

			// Set the header extension id.
			if (type == 1u)
			{
				this->headerExtension->id = uint16_t{ htons(0xBEDE) };
			}
			else if (type == 2u)
			{
				this->headerExtension->id = uint16_t{ htons(0b0001000000000000) };
			}

			// Set the header extension length.
			this->headerExtension->length = htons(extensionsTotalSize / 4);
		}

		// Write the new extensions into the header extension value.
		uint8_t* ptr = this->headerExtension->value;

		for (const auto& extension : extensions)
		{
			if (type == 1u)
			{
				if (extension.id == 0 || extension.id > 14 || extension.len == 0 || extension.len > 16)
				{
					continue;
				}

				// Store the One-Byte extension element in an array.
				// `-1` because we have 14 elements total 0..13 and `id` is in the range 1..14.
				this->oneByteExtensions[extension.id - 1] = reinterpret_cast<OneByteExtension*>(ptr);

				*ptr = (extension.id << 4) | ((extension.len - 1) & 0x0F);
				++ptr;
				std::memmove(ptr, extension.value, extension.len);
				ptr += extension.len;
			}
			else if (type == 2u)
			{
				if (extension.id == 0)
				{
					continue;
				}

				// Store the Two-Bytes extension element in the map.
				this->mapTwoBytesExtensions[extension.id] = reinterpret_cast<TwoBytesExtension*>(ptr);

				*ptr = extension.id;
				++ptr;
				*ptr = extension.len;
				++ptr;
				std::memmove(ptr, extension.value, extension.len);
				ptr += extension.len;
			}
		}

		for (size_t i = 0; i < padding; ++i)
		{
			*ptr = 0u;
			++ptr;
		}

		MS_ASSERT(ptr == this->payload, "wrong ptr calculation");
	}

	void RtpPacket::UpdateMid(const std::string& mid)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		uint8_t extenLen;
		uint8_t* extenValue = GetExtension(this->midExtensionId, extenLen);

		if (!extenValue)
		{
			return;
		}

		const size_t midLen = mid.length();

		// Here we assume that there is MidRtpExtensionMaxLength available bytes,
		// even if now they are padding bytes.
		if (midLen > RTC::Consts::MidRtpExtensionMaxLength)
		{
			MS_ERROR(
			  "no enough space for MID value [MidMaxLength:%" PRIu8 ", mid:'%s']",
			  RTC::Consts::MidRtpExtensionMaxLength,
			  mid.c_str());

			return;
		}

		std::memcpy(extenValue, mid.c_str(), midLen);

		SetExtensionLength(this->midExtensionId, midLen);
	}

	void RtpPacket::UpdateDependencyDescriptor(const uint8_t* data, size_t len)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		uint8_t extenLen;
		uint8_t* extenValue = GetExtension(this->dependencyDescriptorExtensionId, extenLen);

		if (!extenValue)
		{
			MS_WARN_TAG(rtp, "dependency description not found");

			return;
		}

		std::memcpy(extenValue, data, len);

		SetExtensionLength(this->dependencyDescriptorExtensionId, len);
	}

	/**
	 * The caller is responsible of not setting a length higher than the
	 * available one (taking into account existing padding bytes).
	 */
	bool RtpPacket::SetExtensionLength(uint8_t id, uint8_t len)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		if (len == 0u)
		{
			MS_ERROR("cannot set extension length to 0");

			return false;
		}

		if (id == 0u)
		{
			return false;
		}
		else if (HasOneByteExtensions())
		{
			// `-1` because we have 14 elements total 0..13 and `id` is in the range 1..14.
			auto* extension = this->oneByteExtensions[id - 1];

			if (!extension)
			{
				return false;
			}

			auto currentLen = extension->len + 1;

			// Fill with 0's if new length is minor.
			if (len < currentLen)
			{
				std::memset(extension->value + len, 0, currentLen - len);
			}

			// In One-Byte extensions value length 0 means 1.
			extension->len = len - 1;

			return true;
		}
		else if (HasTwoBytesExtensions())
		{
			auto it = this->mapTwoBytesExtensions.find(id);

			if (it == this->mapTwoBytesExtensions.end())
			{
				return false;
			}

			auto* extension = it->second;
			auto currentLen = extension->len;

			// Fill with 0's if new length is minor.
			if (len < currentLen)
			{
				std::memset(extension->value + len, 0, currentLen - len);
			}

			extension->len = len;

			return true;
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * NOTE: This method automatically removes payload padding if present.
	 */
	void RtpPacket::SetPayloadLength(size_t length)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		this->size -= this->payloadLength;
		this->payloadLength = length;
		this->size += this->payloadLength;

		// Remove padding if present.
		if (this->payloadPadding != 0u)
		{
			SetPayloadPaddingFlag(false);

			this->size -= size_t{ this->payloadPadding };
			this->payloadPadding = 0u;
		}
	}

	RtpPacket* RtpPacket::Clone() const
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		auto* buffer = new uint8_t[RTC::Consts::MtuSize + 100];
		auto* ptr    = const_cast<uint8_t*>(buffer);

		size_t numBytes{ 0 };

		// Copy the minimum header.
		numBytes = HeaderSize;
		std::memcpy(ptr, GetData(), numBytes);

		// Set header pointer.
		auto* newHeader = reinterpret_cast<Header*>(ptr);

		ptr += numBytes;

		// Copy CSRC list.
		if (this->csrcList != nullptr)
		{
			numBytes = this->header->csrcCount * sizeof(this->header->ssrc);
			std::memcpy(ptr, this->csrcList, numBytes);

			ptr += numBytes;
		}

		// Copy header extension.
		HeaderExtension* newHeaderExtension{ nullptr };

		if (this->headerExtension != nullptr)
		{
			numBytes = 4 + GetHeaderExtensionLength();
			std::memcpy(ptr, this->headerExtension, numBytes);

			// Set the header extension pointer.
			newHeaderExtension = reinterpret_cast<HeaderExtension*>(ptr);

			ptr += numBytes;
		}

		// Copy payload.
		uint8_t* newPayload{ ptr };

		if (this->payloadLength != 0u)
		{
			numBytes = this->payloadLength;
			std::memcpy(ptr, this->payload, numBytes);

			ptr += numBytes;
		}

		// Copy payload padding.
		if (this->payloadPadding != 0u)
		{
			*(ptr + static_cast<size_t>(this->payloadPadding) - 1) = this->payloadPadding;
			ptr += size_t{ this->payloadPadding };
		}

		MS_ASSERT(static_cast<size_t>(ptr - buffer) == this->size, "ptr - buffer == this->size");

		// Create the new RtpPacket instance and return it.
		auto* packet = new RtpPacket(
		  newHeader, newHeaderExtension, newPayload, this->payloadLength, this->payloadPadding, this->size);

		// Keep already set extension ids.
		packet->midExtensionId                  = this->midExtensionId;
		packet->ridExtensionId                  = this->ridExtensionId;
		packet->rridExtensionId                 = this->rridExtensionId;
		packet->absSendTimeExtensionId          = this->absSendTimeExtensionId;
		packet->transportWideCc01ExtensionId    = this->transportWideCc01ExtensionId;
		packet->ssrcAudioLevelExtensionId       = this->ssrcAudioLevelExtensionId;
		packet->dependencyDescriptorExtensionId = this->dependencyDescriptorExtensionId;
		packet->videoOrientationExtensionId     = this->videoOrientationExtensionId;
		packet->absCaptureTimeExtensionId       = this->absCaptureTimeExtensionId;
		packet->playoutDelayExtensionId         = this->playoutDelayExtensionId;
		packet->mediasoupPacketIdExtensionId    = this->mediasoupPacketIdExtensionId;

		// Assign the payload descriptor handler.
		packet->payloadDescriptorHandler = this->payloadDescriptorHandler;

		if (this->payloadDescriptorHandler)
		{
			packet->payloadDescriptorHandler->RtpPacketCloned(packet);
		}

		// Store allocated buffer.
		packet->buffer = buffer;

		return packet;
	}

	/**
	 * NOTE: The caller must ensure that the buffer/memmory of the packet has
	 * space enough for adding 2 extra bytes.
	 *
	 * NOTE: This method automatically removes payload padding if present.
	 */
	void RtpPacket::RtxEncode(uint8_t payloadType, uint32_t ssrc, uint16_t seq)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		// Rewrite the payload type.
		SetPayloadType(payloadType);

		// Rewrite the SSRC.
		SetSsrc(ssrc);

		// Write the original sequence number at the begining of the payload.
		std::memmove(this->payload + 2, this->payload, this->payloadLength);
		Utils::Byte::Set2Bytes(this->payload, 0, GetSequenceNumber());

		// Rewrite the sequence number.
		SetSequenceNumber(seq);

		// Fix the payload length.
		this->payloadLength += 2u;

		// Fix the packet size.
		this->size += 2u;

		// Remove padding if present.
		if (this->payloadPadding != 0u)
		{
			SetPayloadPaddingFlag(false);

			this->size -= size_t{ this->payloadPadding };
			this->payloadPadding = 0u;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * NOTE: This method automatically removes payload padding if present.
	 */
	bool RtpPacket::RtxDecode(uint8_t payloadType, uint32_t ssrc)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		// Chrome sends some RTX packets with no payload when the stream is started.
		// Just ignore them.
		if (this->payloadLength < 2u)
		{
			return false;
		}

		// Rewrite the payload type.
		SetPayloadType(payloadType);

		// Rewrite the sequence number.
		SetSequenceNumber(Utils::Byte::Get2Bytes(this->payload, 0));

		// Rewrite the SSRC.
		SetSsrc(ssrc);

		// Shift the payload to its original place.
		std::memmove(this->payload, this->payload + 2, this->payloadLength - 2);

		// Fix the payload length.
		this->payloadLength -= 2u;

		// Fix the packet size.
		this->size -= 2u;

		// Remove padding if present.
		if (this->payloadPadding != 0u)
		{
			SetPayloadPaddingFlag(false);

			this->size -= size_t{ this->payloadPadding };
			this->payloadPadding = 0u;
		}

		return true;
	}

	bool RtpPacket::ProcessPayload(RTC::Codecs::EncodingContext* context, bool& marker)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		if (!this->payloadDescriptorHandler)
		{
			return true;
		}

		return this->payloadDescriptorHandler->Process(context, this, marker);
	}

	std::unique_ptr<Codecs::PayloadDescriptor::Encoder> RtpPacket::GetPayloadEncoder()
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		if (!this->payloadDescriptorHandler)
		{
			return nullptr;
		}

		return this->payloadDescriptorHandler->GetEncoder();
	}

	void RtpPacket::EncodePayload(Codecs::PayloadDescriptor::Encoder* encoder)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		if (!this->payloadDescriptorHandler)
		{
			return;
		}

		this->payloadDescriptorHandler->Encode(this, encoder);
	}

	void RtpPacket::RestorePayload()
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		if (!this->payloadDescriptorHandler)
		{
			return;
		}

		this->payloadDescriptorHandler->Restore(this);
	}

	/**
	 * Shifts the payload given offset (to right or to left).
	 *
	 * NOTE: This method automatically removes payload padding if present.
	 */
	void RtpPacket::ShiftPayload(size_t payloadOffset, size_t shift, bool expand)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		if (shift == 0u)
		{
			return;
		}

		MS_ASSERT(payloadOffset < this->payloadLength, "payload offset bigger than payload size");

		if (!expand)
		{
			MS_ASSERT(shift <= (this->payloadLength - payloadOffset), "shift too big");
		}

		uint8_t* payloadOffsetPtr = this->payload + payloadOffset;
		size_t shiftedLen{ 0 };

		if (expand)
		{
			shiftedLen = this->payloadLength - payloadOffset;

			std::memmove(payloadOffsetPtr + shift, payloadOffsetPtr, shiftedLen);

			this->payloadLength += shift;
			this->size += shift;
		}
		else
		{
			shiftedLen = this->payloadLength - payloadOffset - shift;

			std::memmove(payloadOffsetPtr, payloadOffsetPtr + shift, shiftedLen);

			this->payloadLength -= shift;
			this->size -= shift;
		}

		// Remove padding if present.
		if (this->payloadPadding != 0u)
		{
			SetPayloadPaddingFlag(false);

			this->size -= size_t{ this->payloadPadding };
			this->payloadPadding = 0u;
		}
	}

	void RtpPacket::ParseExtensions()
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		// Parse One-Byte header extension.
		if (HasOneByteExtensions())
		{
			// Clear the One-Byte extension elements map.
			std::fill(std::begin(this->oneByteExtensions), std::end(this->oneByteExtensions), nullptr);

			uint8_t* extensionStart = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(this->headerExtension) + 4;
			uint8_t* extensionEnd   = extensionStart + GetHeaderExtensionLength();
			uint8_t* ptr            = extensionStart;

			// One-Byte extensions cannot have length 0.
			while (ptr < extensionEnd)
			{
				const uint8_t id = (*ptr & 0xF0) >> 4;
				const size_t len = static_cast<size_t>(*ptr & 0x0F) + 1;

				// id=15 in One-Byte extensions means "stop parsing here".
				if (id == 15u)
				{
					break;
				}

				// Valid extension id.
				if (id != 0u)
				{
					if (ptr + 1 + len > extensionEnd)
					{
						MS_WARN_TAG(
						  rtp, "not enough space for the announced One-Byte header extension element value");

						break;
					}

					// Store the One-Byte extension element in an array.
					// `-1` because we have 14 elements total 0..13 and `id` is in the range 1..14.
					this->oneByteExtensions[id - 1] = reinterpret_cast<OneByteExtension*>(ptr);

					ptr += (1 + len);
				}
				// id=0 means alignment.
				else
				{
					++ptr;
				}

				// Counting padding bytes.
				while ((ptr < extensionEnd) && (*ptr == 0))
				{
					++ptr;
				}
			}
		}
		// Parse Two-Bytes header extension.
		else if (HasTwoBytesExtensions())
		{
			// Clear the Two-Bytes extension elements map.
			this->mapTwoBytesExtensions.clear();

			uint8_t* extensionStart = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(this->headerExtension) + 4;
			uint8_t* extensionEnd   = extensionStart + GetHeaderExtensionLength();
			uint8_t* ptr            = extensionStart;

			// ptr points to the ID field (1 byte).
			// ptr+1 points to the length field (1 byte, can have value 0).

			// Two-Byte extensions can have length 0.
			while (ptr + 1 < extensionEnd)
			{
				const uint8_t id  = *ptr;
				const uint8_t len = *(ptr + 1);

				// Valid extension id.
				if (id != 0u)
				{
					if (ptr + 2 + len > extensionEnd)
					{
						MS_WARN_TAG(
						  rtp, "not enough space for the announced Two-Bytes header extension element value");

						break;
					}

					// Store the Two-Bytes extension element in the map.
					this->mapTwoBytesExtensions[id] = reinterpret_cast<TwoBytesExtension*>(ptr);

					ptr += (2 + len);
				}
				// id=0 means alignment.
				else
				{
					++ptr;
				}

				// Counting padding bytes.
				while ((ptr < extensionEnd) && (*ptr == 0))
				{
					++ptr;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	void RtpPacket::OnDependencyDescriptorUpdated(const uint8_t* data, size_t len)
	{
		MS_TRACE();

		UpdateDependencyDescriptor(data, len);
	}
} // namespace RTC